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Ghana: Rice

General Overview of Rice Production Rice is grown widely in the country by using different varieties that are adaptable to the various agro-ecological zones. It highly contributes to employment creation in Ghana. In 2020, Volta Region covered 29.63% of rice-planted areas of the country, followed by the Northern Region with 20.68%(SRID,MoFA). Approximately, 10% of farming households are thought to be employed by the rice industry (NRDS, 2016). With a total rice cropping area of 291,000 hectares in 2020, an estimated average household holding of 0.4 hectares indicates an approximate total of 597,500 households’ involvement in rice cultivation. Rice is grown once or twice yearly under rain-fed and up to three cropping cycles per year under irrigation. The top five main producing regions in Ghana are: Northern Volta Upper East Oti Ashanti The Northern Region is the leading paddy production, accounting for 28% of total production. The Northern, Volta, and Upper East Reg...

Ghana: Ginger

Overview of Ginger Sector Ginger, ( Zingiber officinale ) is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root is widely used as spice and a folk medicine because its distinct sharp and hot flavour due to an oil substance called gingerol. It is an excellent source of dietary fibre, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), vitamin B6, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium and selenium. Being aromatic and pungent, ginger adds a distinctive flavour to several food products and has been used as a common ingredient for centuries. Ginger can be processed into different versions such as paste, oil and powder. It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual pseudostems (false stems made of the rolled bases of leaves) about a metre tall bearing narrow leaf blades. The inflorescences bear pale yellow with purple flowers and arise directly from the rhizome on separate shoots. Ginger is in the family Zingiberaceae, to which also belong turmeric ( Curcuma longa ), cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ), and galang...

Ghana: Yam Dioscorea

General Overview of Yam Production Yams are starchy staples in the form of large tubers produced by annual and perennial vines grown in Africa, the Americas, the Caribbean, South Pacific and Asia. Yam, a multi-species tuber crop of the family Dioscoreaceae, is considered one of the most important staple food crops to about 400 million people in West Africa and provides a valuable source of dietary carbohydrate and income to growers (Bhattacharjee et al. 2011; Nweke 2016). World production is estimated at 73 million tons, with West Africa producing more than 93% of the crop (FAOSTAT 2019). Nigeria, Ghana, and Ivory Coast together produce about 86% of the world’s yam supply. Ghana’s production output is approximately 12 per cent of global output. This production figure is projected to increase by the close of 2021, due to its importance in the National Economy. In Ghana, yam ( Discorea sp ) is an important staple food crop and it is produced throughout the...

Ghana: Maize

General Overview of Maize Production Maize ( Zea mays L. ) is a major staple food crop in West Africa and plays a fundamental role as a food security crop. Although a major staple in Ghana and contributing significantly to consumer diets, its yield of 2.53 Mt/ha ( SRID,2021 ) is below the national yield potential of the crop of more than 5 t/ha for Open Pollinated Varieties and 8-10t/ha for hybrid. This low yield is attributed to low adoption of new technologies, the availability of very few high yielding hybrids on the market, and low use of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers. The average annual national production is estimated to be 3.03 million Mt (2020), with approximately 2.35 million Mt consumed as food, 879,940 Mt consumed by the livestock and poultry sectors (primarily yellow maize), the processed food and beverage industry, and 29,568 Mt used as seed stock. In maize production, hybrids are known to perform better than Open-Pollinated Varieties (OPV) or landraces. Hy...

Ghana: Cashew

General Overview of Cashew Production Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L. ) consists of the nut and peduncle. Separation of the nut from the apple results in two unique products. In general, fresh cashew for consumption last for only 24 -48 hours at room temperature. About 90% of the harvestable product from the cashew tree is lost through wasted cashew apples. The complete development of cashew fruit (cashew nut + apple) from flowering to physiological maturity takes about 70 to 90 days. The cashew tree grows in tropical climates with an annual rainfall ranging from 400 to 4,000 mm, and it grows from sea level to an altitude of 1,000 m. The Cashew is cultivated primarily in India, Vietnam, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Tanzania, Benin, Brazil and other countries in East and West Central Africa and South East Asia. Plantings have also been established in South Africa and Australia. World production of cashews currently ranges between 720,000 and 790,000 metric tons (kernel basis) per ye...

Ghana: Cattle

Cattle Summary Fact Sheet Production Total Cattle Population National (2016 to 2019) 1,815,000 (2016) 1,901,000 (2017) 1,943,000 (2018) 2,032,000 (2019) 2,109,000 (2020) SRID, 2020 Production Cycle Reproductive performance begins at 2 years and ends between eight (8) to ten (10) years depending on the management system Source: APD - MoFA Suitable Time to Raise the Animal All Year Round Source: APD - MoFA Space Allowance (Stock Density) per Animal Varies Between 20 – 40 ft 2 Source: APD - MoFA Liveweight of Animal at Slaughter (Kg) 200 – 400 kg ( Source: APD - MoFA) Type(s) of Feed Used for Cattle Production Grass and Legumes used as pastures include panicum maximum (guinea grass) Cynodon Sp. (giant star grass) etc. Supplementary feeds such as agro-by-products (wheat bran, spent malt, rice straw, maize/sorghum) and concentrates are also used. Others - hay and si...

Ghana: Sheep and Goats

Sheep & Goats Summary Fact Sheet Production National output (2016 to 2019) Mutton : 21,349 Mt (2016) 26,134 Mt (2017) 26,716 Mt (2018) 23,999 Mt (2019) 24,948 Mt (2020) Chevon : 26,285 Mt (2016) 27,889 Mt (2017) 28,727 Mt (2018) 30,278 Mt (2019) 31,902 Mt (2020) Source: Agricultural Facts & Figures – SRID/MoFA Total Population National (2016 to 2019) Sheep : 1,744,000 (2016) 4,978,000 (2017) 5,102,000 (2018) 5,333,000 (2019) 5,544,000 (2020) Goats : 6,740,000 (2016) 7,151,000 (2017) 7,366,000 (2018) 7,764,000 (2019) 8,180,000 (2020) Source: Agricultural Facts & Figures – SRID - MoFA Production Cycle Sheep Gestation: 155 days Weaning: 3 months Ready for sale: 10 – 12 months Goat: Gestation: 145 days Weaning: 3 months Ready for sale: 10 – 12 months Suitable Time to Raise the Animal All Year Round Space Allowance (Stock Density) per Animal Cemented floor Bred Ewe/Nanny: 1.1 – 1.5 m 2 (12-16 ft 2 ) Ewe/Nanny with Lambs / Kids: 1.5 ...

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